Speech Pathologist Reference Sheet

Problem

Probable Cause

Phase

Anterior loss of food or liquids Decreased lip, jaw strength Oral
Can not suck through straw Decreased lip, jaw strength
Decreased lip sensation
Oral
Pocketing Decreased tongue strength and sensation Oral
Reduced mastication Decreased tongue strength Oral
Oral hold Decreased tongue strength & sensation Oral
Loses food prematurely over back of tongue Decreased base of tongue control Oral
Penetration BEFORE the swallow Decreased base of tongue control Oral
Penetration DURING the swallow Delayed reflex Pharyngeal
Penetration AFTER the swallow from retention in the pyriforms Decreased laryngeal elevation Pharyngeal
Penetration from retention in the valleculae Decreased base of tongue or laryngeal pressure Pharyngeal

Treatment Objectives for Short Term Goals

Anterior loss – Patient will be able to keep PO in the mouth while eating without losing bolus anteriorly.

Treatment objectives

  • Patient will eliminate loss of PO when clinician provides jaw support on ___ of ___ trails
  • Pt. will achieve lip closure around object ( Lifesaver on string, popsicle, ice cube) for ___ sec on ___ of ___ trails
  • Pt will increase sensitivity to cold when clinician rubs lips with cold spoon on __ of __ trials.
  • Patient will pucker lips as if to blow a kiss on ___ of ___ trails
  • Pt. will hold tongue depressor between closed lip, not teeth) for count of 10 on ___ of ___ trails
  • Patient will puff cheek and keep lips tightly sealed on ___ of __ trails

Bolus Propulsion – Patient will move bolus to back of mouth in coordinated fashion to be able to propel PO safely through hypopharynx and reduced risk of it falling into the airway.

  • Patient will move lemon swab placed between tongue and hard palate from front to back on __of __ trials.
  • Patient will sweep tongue from alveolar ridge to junction of hard and soft palate on __ of ___ trails
  • Patient will pop tongue against hard palate on __ of __ trails

Premature Loss – Pt will be able to keep food from falling over the back of the tongue into the airway.

  • Patient will produce a forceful /K/ at end of words on __ of __trails
  • Patient will exert pressure with base of tongue up against a tongue depressor on __ of __ trials
  • Patient will use effort swallow with/without cues on __ of __trials
  • Patient will use chin down posture (if loss is not to pyriforms) for ___ consistencies with/without cues on __ of __ trails

Laryngeal Closure – Patient will achieve closure of larynx during the swallow sufficient to keep PO from entering the airway

  • Pt will use a supraglottic swallow for ___ consistencies with/without cues on __ of __ trials
  • Patient will demonstrate Valsalva maneuver (breath hold) on ___ of ____trails.
  • Patient will produce /a/ while pulling/pushing against resistance on ___ of __ trails
  • Pt will use multiple swallows for each bolus with/without cues on __ of __ trails.
  • Pt will control bolus size to __ with/without cues on __ of __ trials
  • Pt will empty mouth before next bite with/without cues on __ of __ trials

Laryngeal Elevation – Pt will reduced change of penetration by increasing laryngeal elevation and reducing retention in the pyriforms

  • Patient will use Mendelsohn Maneuver for ___ consistencies with/without cues on ___of ___trials
  • Patient will produce /i/ in a continuous fashion, including falsetto on ___ of __ trials
  • Patient will trigger volitional swallow in timely conjunction with E-Stim with/without PO, with/without cues on ___ of ___ trials